ISSUE: Should there be a standard European-wide method of determining the value of health benefits? OVERVIEW: By now the result of the UK referendum is a matter of fact. A far-reaching debate about EU membership failed to grapple with one central issue that ought to concern citizens across Europe, namely the methods used to determine the value of health benefits. National decisions made by regulatory agencies that include the evaluation of cost-effectiveness depend upon two key factors – the availability of appropriate evidence and the capacity to analyse it. Given the constraints on both these factors it would be reasonable to consider ways of improving the efficiency of economic evaluation by moving towards a standard “reference case” approach that could be required in all jurisdictions. As a first step in achieving this it would be useful to consider adopting a standard European approach towards the valuation of health benefits. Three key questions will be considered during this Issues Panel. Which method should be adopted as the standard mechanism for determining the “value” of health? How should values from participating countries be aggregated? Should the issue be left to the general public, or to the informed elite? As with the UK referendum, there are (at least) two points of view for all three questions. Underlying this debate is a European challenge - do we keep acting as we do as part of some type of laissez-faire arrangement or do we adopt a more positive system of cross-national working? The session will conclude with a referendum in which participants will be able to choose between two alternatives: the right one and the wrong one.