OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore safety culture dimensions among health care professionals using AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)’s survey questionnaire(Hospital Survey of patient Safety Culture: HSOPSC). METHODS: We surveyed nationwide the situation of patient safety culture in 13 hospitals allowed for additional costs on patient safety measures under the social insurance medical fee schedule. The questionnaire consists of seven unit-level aspects of safety culture including 24 items, three hospital-level including 11 items, and four outcome variables including nine items. RESULTS: An average number of beds was 360 beds (63 to 1,354 beds). With regard to ownership, 13 hospitals included three municipality and local incorporated agency hospitals, one public hospital, two juridical person with social insurance hospitals, six medical corporation hospitals, and one other hospital. Number of all respondents was 5,118 persons (response rate: 88.9%), and included 295 physicians (90.8%), 2,909 nurses (95.5%), and 146 pharmacists (96.7%). In terms of 12 dimensions, the overall average positive response rate (RR) for the 12 patient safety dimensions of the HSOPS was 49.2%, extremely lower than the average positive RR for the AHRQ data (61%). In terms of health care professionals, the overall average positive RR for pharmacists (46.2%) was lower than that for physicians and nurses (49.6% and 49.4%).　With regard to pharmacists, the average positive RRs for eight dimensions of the 12 dimensions were the lowest among three professionals, and three average positive RRs were the highest; Frequency of event reporting (pharmacists: physicians: nurses=73.6%:53.3%:67.9%), Non-punitive response to error (48.8%:42.6%:40.4%), and Staffing (29.1%:27.0%:25.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The HSOPSC measurement provides the evidence for assessment of patient safety culture in Japan’s hospitals. This result that patient safety culture has been in a state of development, compared with the US hospitals. And, pharmacists have to take a considerable interest patient safety in Japan.