OBJECTIVES: The Health Transformation Program commenced in2002 by Ministry of Health(MoH) in Turkey. Today, Turkey has a well established health system mostly dominated by government as healthcare provider and payer. Social Security Institution(SSI) is the only  government payer covering 99% of the Turkish population. There are private health insurance(PHI) companies covering only 3% of the population. The aim of the analysis is to compared the profitability of health insurance in Turkey. METHODS: The most updated data of revenue and cost of PHI data was obtained from Turkish Private Insurance Association for years 2009-2013. The official revenue and cost of government health insurance data was obtained from SSI for the  same years. Descriptive analysis were conducted with the revenue and cost data of government and private health insurers. RESULTS: The total revenue and costs of PHI companies were 2.3 billion TL and 1.7 billion TL and per capita revenue and cost of private health insurance companies were 822 TL and 631 TL in 2013, respectively. The gross profit of all PHI companies was 0.6 billion or 26%. The SSI`s revenue and cost for health insurance were 53 billion and 49.9 billion TL, per capita revenue and cost of health insurance were 691 TL and 650 TL in  2013, respectively. The gross profit of SSI health insurance was 4.1 billion and 5%. CONCLUSIONS: The  SSI has become the monopsonic payer in the Turkish health system with mandatory health insurance premium collection  from all Turkish citizen. The SSI determines its revenues and costs. Based on this power, the SSI has 4.1 billion gross revenue in total. This shows the success of SSI`s management while covering the whole population for a very comprehensive health care package. However, the SSI`s per capita revenue is  lower and its cost is higher than private sector averages.