OBJECTIVES: Comparative evaluation of the cost effectiveness of treatment of patients with acute craniocerebral injury (CCI) efficiency using two therapy schemes in Ukraine.  METHODS: “The cost-efficiency” method was used to carrying out the research. Analysis was based on the results of opened randomized trial on the efficacy of L-Lysine Aescinat in patients with craniocerebral injury, carried out in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care at Regional hospital in Dnepropetrovsk. The clinical trial involved 38 patients randomized to main and control group (each group contained 19 patients). Standard therapy (fentanyl, diazepam, tramadol, adrenaline, furosemide, mannitol) and injections of L-Lysine Aescinat were administrated in main group; only standard therapy was administrated in the control group. Treatment of patients was carried out during 7 days. Direct costs were taken into account for therapy course expenditures schemes studying. Drugs prices were taken from Morion`s information system (May, 2015). As an indicator of the effectiveness after treatment were considered the following: decreasing of intracranial hypertension, degree of  brain perifocal edema and degree of conscious disturbance (Glasgow Coma Scale).  RESULTS: The treatment efficiency in main group patients was 73,68 % and 15.79 % in controls. Treatment costs were € 55,86  and € 31,84  correspondingly. “The cost-efficiency” analysis demonstrated that CER in main group was € 75,81and CER in control group was € 201,65.  CONCLUSIONS: The “cost-efficiency” analysis showed the use of L-Lysine Aescinat in combination with standard therapy to be more effective and less expensive for treatment of 1 patient with craniocerebral injury in Ukraine The obtained results of pharmacoeconomic analysis will allow to optimize the costs of disease treatment by a state, insurance companies and patients.