OBJECTIVES: Is to study the changes of the morphological structure of spermatozoa in straight intestine of corpses and assessment of the impact of temperature and microflora on their safety during forensic - medical examination of sodomy. METHODS: Material research were tampons with the content of straight intestine of 46 corpses of men , conserved at room temperature of + 18 ± 3° C and in the refrigerator at temperature of + 4 ± 3° C.  RESULTS: A quantity of Escherichia coil in the content of straight intestine of corpses was 23,21 ± 0,64% at temperature of + 4 ° C ± 3,which was below 1.2 times (p <0.001 ) than the same quantity obtained at room temperature (28,12 ± 0,81%). The content of bifidobacteria were stored in a refrigerator conditions, exceeded in 1,7 times (p <0.001) than the data of room temperature (21,23 ± 1,12%). A quantity of proteus at room temperature was higher in 3.1 times (p <0.001 ) than at temperature + 4 ° C ± 3 ( 2.31 ± 0,1%). The content of yeast fungi of the genus Candida at room temperature was 7,63 ± 0,04%, exceeded in 1,5 times ( p <0.001) than measures at temperature of 4 ± 3 ° C (5,01 ± 0,14%). Quantity of staphylococci (5,11 ± 0,02%) and streptococci (6,3 ± 0,05%) at a storage of corpses at room temperature was higher than 2,1 times in the refrigerator ( p < 0.001 ) and 2 times (p <0,001).    Whole spermatozoa were not found in any field of view on microscopic study, to 9,36 ± 1,16 days in.  Complete lysis of spermatozoa was observed at 17,3 ± 1,8 days. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, аt low temperatures spermatozoa are destroyed in about 2 times more slowly due to reduced activity of microorganisms and slow the autolytic process.