OBJECTIVES: Anemia and iron deficiency are common during pregnancy and expose mothers to several risks such lower resistance to infections or reduced tolerance to significant blood loss and to surgical interventions during labor. Regarding the foetus, presumed risks include unfavourable obstetric outcomes, notably, premature birth, low birth weight and fetal death. The present study aims at exploring the prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia among pregnant women in France and at evaluating the management of these conditions. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted in France between March 2013 and June 2014. Randomly selected investigators (gynecologists, obstetricians, midwives registered in the CEGEDIM^® database) were asked to include consecutive pregnant women presenting for a consultation. At study inclusion, a two-section questionnaire was completed by both the patient (self-assessment) and the investigator. Data collected consisted in age, gestation week, laboratory values (e.g. Hb, ferritin), type and reason for the prescription of medication and lifestyle or dietary advice given/received. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: In French clinical practice, the iron deficiency isk and anemia prevalence during pregnancy align with medical expectations. These conditions are managed according to national/international recommendations.