OBJECTIVES: Economic modelling in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is complex and continuously evolving. The aim of this systematic review was to assess methodological capabilities of T1DM models. METHODS: A systematic search was undertaken in MEDLINE®, Embase®, and the Cochrane library to identify economic evaluation models in T1DM (English language until November 2014). The websites of HTA bodies in England, Canada, Australia, France, Germany, Scotland and Spain were also screened. Study inclusion was based on a pre-specified protocol and carried out by a team of reviewers and information scientists independently, and data was extracted focusing on methodological capabilities. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: There was considerable heterogeneity in the models, likely driven by varying intended uses. The sub-set of models clearly intended for cost-effectiveness applications used more sophisticated approaches to capturing uncertainty and were among the most comprehensive, tending to include both micro- and macrovascular outcomes and common treatment-related adverse events. These models are likely to provide the most useful set of model capabilities despite relying on aging risk equations.