OBJECTIVES: To estimate resource use, costs, and adverse events (AEs) among lung cancer (LC) patients on standard chemotherapy with versus without an angiogenesis inhibitor (AGI) as adjunctive therapy. METHODS: Using Thompson Reuters MarketScan® Research Database, patients with a diagnosis code indicating primary LC between 2005 and 2009 and at least one claim for an FDA approved AGI (bevacizumab)  within 8 days of chemotherapy were identified (AGI cohort).  These patients were matched 1:1 by demographics, cancer characteristics, and previous chemotherapy failure (≥30 days without chemotherapy) to patients on chemotherapy with no claims for an AGI (No-AGI cohort).  Patients were followed for ≥1 month.  All-cause per-patient-per-month (PPPM) resource use (inpatient, ER, and outpatient), costs (in 2010 USD), and the prevalence of AEs were assessed.  RESULTS: A total of 766 patients were identified for each cohort (mean age 57.5 years, 47.9% female).  Mean follow-up was 10.4 and 11.6 months in the AGI and No-AGI cohorts. All components of resource use were similar between cohorts. All-cause total PPPM cost was higher for the AGI cohort ($16,972 vs. $11,950 PPPM), primarily due to higher outpatient infusion costs ($7,703 vs. $1,423).  Over 52% of patients in each cohort had ≥1 AE, and there were no statistically-significant differences in the prevalence of AEs between groups. The most common AEs were infusion reactions (40.6% in AGI vs. 39.7% in No-AGI), dyspnea, (38.1% vs. 43.0%), nausea (37.6% vs. 33.8%), dehydration (32.9% vs. 34.1%), chest pain (28.9% vs. 31.5%), anemia (26.1% vs. 24.4%), neutropenia (24.9% vs. 24.7%), thromboembolic events (17.2% vs. 20.6%), and hemorrhage (15.4% vs. 12.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of AEs was not significantly different among LC patients on chemotherapy with and without an AGI. Costs were higher in the AGI cohort, due to higher infusion costs.  Future studies of the cost-effectiveness of AGIs in LC patients based on real-world data are warranted.