OBJECTIVES: War Veterans and persons affected by the Chernobyl accident (Chernobyl Victims) are preferential categories of Ukrainian people and have rights for free medical provision. Due to the high impact of risk factors these categories of population have to be considered with special attention. METHODS: We analyzed data from reports of National Center of Medical Statistics about diseases prevalence in the general Ukrainian population to determine and rank 5 more prevalent disease categories in 2010. Then we compared results we’d got in general population with data about diseases prevalence in War Veterans and Chernobyl Victims subpopulations. RESULTS: We determine that in 2010 in the general Ukrainian population (with amount 45,778,500 people) more prevalent disease categories were: cardiovascular disorders (CVD) 30.6%, respiratory disorders (RD) 20.6%, gastrointestinal disorders (GID) 9.6%, musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) 5.9% and urinary disorders (UD) 5.4% in 2010. According to 2010 Statistical reports by the State Medical Centre for War Veterans, more prevalent disease categories in War Veterans subpopulation (673,959 people) were CVD – 63.3%, MSD –10.3%, GID–7.1%, RD – 4.2% and neurological disorders (ND) – 3%. Data from Kyiv regional statistical reports showed that in Chernobyl Victims subpopulation (2358453 people) 5 more prevalent disease categories were: RD, injury, CVD, UD and dermatological disorders (DD) with 43.1%, 13.3%, 10.3%, 8.2% and 6.1%, respectively in 2010. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed that prevalence rates of diseases in the general Ukranian population and subpopulations had differed. These difference rates must be considered by decision makers for budgeting of healthcare programs for the preferential population categories in Ukraine.