OBJECTIVES Describe patient characteristics and medication treatment patterns among newly diagnosed cases of BPH-LUTS, ED, and co-occurring ED and BPH-LUTS. METHODS Retrospective cohort study using UK CPRD data on incident BPH-LUTS and incident ED patients indexed between June 2010 and May 2011. Patient records were analysed from 12 months pre-index and up to 24 months post-index. RESULTS The cohort included 8912 men with BPH-LUTS-only, 2589 with an ED diagnosis followed by BPH-LUTS, 8093 with ED-only and 1641 with a BPH-LUTS diagnosis followed by ED, all aged ≥40 years. The majority of BPH-LUTS patients (~90%) were diagnosed and managed within GP practices. Men were diagnosed with BPH-LUTS alone at an older average age (68±11.9 years, IQR=59–77) compared to men in the ED/BPH-LUTS group (67±9.5 years, IQR=61–74, p=0.002). Men were diagnosed with ED at an older average age (65±9.2 years, IQR=59–72) in the BPH-LUTS/ED group compared with ED-only patients (57±9.1 years, IQR=50–64, p<0.001). Time between diagnoses was longer for ED/BPH-LUTS patients (6.8±4.76 years) versus BPH-LUTS/ED patients (5.8±5.10 years). BPH-LUTS and ED treatment patterns were similar for patients with and without co-occurring conditions. Most patients were initially prescribed alpha-blockers (62.9% BPH-only, 65.5% ED/BPH-LUTS) or anticholinergics (14.9% BPH-only, 14.0% ED/BPH-LUTS). For ED, most patients were initially prescribed sildenafil (51.6% ED-only, 49.6% BPH-LUTS/ED) or tadalafil (24.3% ED-only, 26.0% BPH-LUTS/ED). At six months post-diagnosis, ~47% incident BPH-LUTS patients and ~78% ED patients were not on any BPH-LUTS or ED treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Study data suggests >80% of patients are managed as either BPH-LUTS- or ED-only. Average age of BPH-LUTS/ED patients at ED diagnosis suggests patients may suffer from ED years before seeking medical attention (p=0.002). Presence of the co-occurring condition does not appear to impact treatment choice, however, a lower proportion of ED patients initiate treatment after diagnosis, compared with BPH-LUTS patients.