OBJECTIVES: To assess oncologist perception of their country-specific healthcare reforms and the consideration of ‘Real World Evidence’ (RWE) when prescribing medications in the EU, US, China and Brazil. METHODS:  A multi-country cross-sectional survey was conducted in top-5 EU countries (UK, Germany, Spain, France, Italy), US, Brazil and China in February 2013 using an online physician panel in the respective geographies; oncologists were randomly selected for survey participation to be geographically representative in each country. Surveys assessed the oncologist perceptions of healthcare reforms in their respective countries, and their consideration of the following, when prescribing oncology medications: RWE on product effectiveness/safety, patient quality-of-life (QoL) and product cost/patient affordability. Descriptive statistics are reported. RESULTS: 257 oncologists participated in the survey. Specialties included: medical oncology-69%, haemato-oncology-11%, radiation-oncology-9%, surgical-oncology-5%, gynecologic-oncology-3%, pediatric-oncology-2%, other-2%. Geographic distribution of oncologists was: 5EU-36%, US-33%, China-17% and Brazil-14%. Overall, 40% of oncologists indicated that they were ‘not sure whether their country’s healthcare reform is heading in the right direction’ (5EU:39%, US:40%, China:44%, Brazil:36%); 38% indicated that they were ‘concerned of country’s healthcare reform’s implications for them and their practice’ (5EU:30%, US:50%, China:44%, Brazil:19%); 23% indicated that the healthcare reform ‘did not have enough focus on RWE needs and cost-effectiveness of medications’ ((5EU:16%, US:24%, China:37%, Brazil:19%). When prescribing oncology medications, consideration of following attributes ‘all the time’ differed across the countries (Overall/5EU/US/China/Brazil): RWE on product effectiveness and safety (37%/29%/38%/47%/42%), patient QoL (54%/48%/59%/42%/69%), product cost/patient affordability (23%/15%/20%/42%/28%). CONCLUSIONS: Across markets, a significant proportion of oncologists raised concerns regarding their country-specific healthcare-reforms, and between one-third and half of the oncologists reported considering RWE data while prescribing medicines. As the healthcare reforms evolve in the studied countries, its actual implications warrant closer scrutiny to alleviate physician concerns and improve care delivery and outcomes.