OBJECTIVES: To collect real-life data on costs and resource use, in order to understand the economic burden of urinary tract infection (UTI) amongst a population who has received self- catheterisation training. METHODS: We used the CEBRxA database, which combines data from a public claims database for the South-West region of Sweden, comprising around 1.5 million individuals, with national Swedish registers on drug utilisation and mortality. We identified a population of patients who had received self-catheterisation training anytime between 2006 and 2009(procedure code GB005). UTIs were identified through the following ICD-10 codes: N11.0, N30*, N39.0*, N39.X*, N12.-P, and N30.-P. A cost per UTI was calculated through considering UTI-related care contacts that occurred within 14 days from each other. RESULTS: We identified 989 patients, with a high mean age at index of 65 years, 79% males, and an average follow-up time of 1.5 years.  The disease burden of this population was mainly related to the genitourinary system, like retention of urine, benign prostate hyperplasia, cystitis, and neurogenic bladder, although essential hypertonia emerged as the third most common comorbidity. We observed an average frequency of one UTI every two years, while around one-fifth of patients had a yearly UTI-frequency of one or above. A majority of UTIs were handled in primary care, while around 80% of costs were contributed by UTI-related hospitalisations. However, among female patients, inpatient care only contributed to 60% of total costs. The mean cost per UTI was 10,500 SEK, while estimates varied, with average costs ranging from 2,100 SEK in primary care, to 32,000 SEK for inpatient care. CONCLUSIONS: Patients having received self-catheterisation training were on average of higher age and male. UTI-related hospitalisation was a clear driver of costs, although this effect was less pronounced for women.