OBJECTIVES: Increasing antimicrobial resistance is now a major problem in the world. Especially wide spectrum antibiotics resistance germs like vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) should be dealt as soon as possible as an emergency conflict. Our study tries to reveal the amount of inappropriate use of vancomycin in a teaching hospital. METHODS: The study was conducted in a university hospital between February 2007 and May 2008. The hospital has 15 specialty and 5 subspecialty wards. A comprehensive questionnaire was designed. we random selected inpatients who received vancomycin.   RESULTS: Forty four out of 45 patients had inappropriate indication and dose of vancomycin (97.7%). The most usage of vancomycin was recorded in hematology – oncology ward (71.11%) and then Intensive Care Unit (8.16%). Leukemia's including Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) were the most common reason of admission among patients.  Cultures were negative (8.88%) despite great clinical evidence of infection. CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin inappropriate use was high compared to other countries and it could be concerned as an area for implement educational and regulatory strategies by health policy makers to deal. However more detailed researches are needed to reveal the other aspects of this problem. Implementation of antibiotic protocols and standard treatment guidelines are recommended.