OBJECTIVES: From a German health care perspective, to evaluate the cost per patient in achieving KDOQITM targets with the use of a combination of cinacalcet + traditional therapy (TT). METHODS: The number of patients eligible for cinacalcet was derived from the OPen-label, Randomized Study Using Cinacalcet HCL To IMprove Achievement of KDOQITM Targets in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease (OPTIMA) Trial [1], assessing the efficacy of adding cinacalcet to a TT protocol in controlling bone metabolic parameters in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism over a 23-week period. KDOQITM targets considered are: iPTH ≤ 300 pg/mL, calcium (Ca) < 9.5 mg/dL and phosphorus (P) < 5.5 mg/dL. Resource utilization included the average dose per day, average duration of therapy, and cost per dose. The model compares the cost per patient who achieves target and the cost per week to maintain target, with the use of a combination of cinacalcet + TT relative to TT alone or no therapy. RESULTS: At the end of the study period, 30.2% (111) of patients receiving cinacalcet + TT achieved their KDOQI™ targets, compared with 2.7% (5) for TT. The average cost per week of maintaining target was €349.10 for patients on cinacalcet + TT and €597.29 for patients on TT. The incremental cost per incremental week in target was €491.40 with TT compared with no therapy and was cost-saving (minus 39.68€ per week) with cinacalcet + TT. The incremental cost per incremental patient at target after 23 weeks was €5,895.06 for patients receiving cinacalcet + TT compared with TT and €36,991.66 for patients receiving TT compared with no therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Patients administered cinacalcet + TT maintain, on average, KDOQI™ targets longer than patients receiving TT and require  less resources. This translates into lower costs per patient (compared with TT) to achieve and maintain KDOQITM targets. 1. Messa et al. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:36-45.