OBJECTIVES: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a painful condition which deteriorates patient’s functioning and might impair cognitive function. The goal of this analysis was to screen cognitive function of patients with FMS. METHODS: We surveyed consecutive patients with a diagnosis of FMS according to ACR criteria. Cognitive function was screened with the MiniMental State Examiantion (MMSE). Medical history, level of pain (Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire) and symptoms of depression and anxiety (Raskin and COVI scales, respectively) were also recorded. MMSE scoring was adjusted by age, sex, pain intensity and COVI and Raskin scoring by linear regression modeling. RESULTS: Forty-six patients [mean ± SD; 50.8±10.1 years old (90.9% female)] with FMS were enrolled in the study. Patients had FMS for 1.9±2.6 years. Most patients (60.3%) complained of severe pain (above 70) with a mean present pain intensity of 2.6±1.0 (range 0-5) and a mean last-week average pain of 70.8±16.0 mm (range: 0-100). Painful FMS subject’s average unadjusted MMSE score was 26.7±3.1 pts, with 15.2% of patients with a scoring ≤ 24 pts (possible cognitive deficit). After adjusting, average MMSE scoring was 26.7±1.2 pts, with 5.1% of subjects scoring ≤ 24 pts, which is considerable higher than in sex and age matched general population (0.05%). Frequency of possible cognitive deficit was independent of concomitant medications, pain severity, age and sex. In the bivariate analysis, frequency of subjects with depressive or anxiety symptoms (as ranked by RASKIN and COVI scales, respectively) were numerically higher in patients with MMSE ≤ 24, but statistically not significant (p=0.235 and 0.225, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive impairment as assessed by the MMSE may be a meaningful clinically finding in patients with Fibromyalgia. Further investigation in large samples of FMS patients should be carried out to explore to what extent cognitive function is impaired in these subjects.