OBJECTIVES: To understand the research progress of prevention and control effects and economic benefits of vaccination, other non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) at home and abroad, and to provide theoretical and methodological references for carrying out economic evaluation using Chinese real word data.

METHODS: This study searched Chinese and English literature from January, 2020 to December, 2021 in PubMed, Embase, Ovid Medline, Web of Science, Elsevier, CNKI databases. Health economic evaluations considering both costs and outcomes were included.

RESULTS: A total of 54 English literatures and 1 Chinese literature on economic evaluation of prevention and control were included. Economic evaluations of prevention and control measures mainly focused on vaccination alone or vaccination combined with other NPIs, and different assumptions and scenario analyses were conducted according to age, vaccine coverage rate, and vaccine efficiency. Most studies conducted cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of societal or healthcare system using Markov or SEIR-based Markov models. Overall, the implementation of NPIs could effectively prevent local outbreaks and avoid large-scale epidemics when vaccination coverage was relatively insufficient. Moreover, the combined use of various measures could reduce the risk of epidemic spreading, disease burden, and delayed the peak of the epidemic more effectively.

CONCLUSIONS: In general, domestic and international economic evaluation of vaccination and other NPIs have provided ideas and predicting results, while there still lacks economic evaluations of Chinese real-world evidence-based vaccination strategies combined with other NPIs, as well as evidence of cost-effective booster vaccination strategies under the long-term epidemic trends in China. Therefore, the economic evaluation of reasonable combinations of vaccination and NPIs as well as the strategies of booster vaccination based on real-world epidemic trends in China is of great practical importance for the rational pricing of vaccines, the rational layout of prevention and control measures for China under long-term epidemic trends.