OBJECTIVES: Excessive and insufficient sleep associated with disrupts glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is limited evidence about the association between sleep duration, sleep quality and glycaemic control in Indian diabetic population. The present study aimed to measure the relationship between sleep quality and glycaemic control.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study, included a total of 300 patients with T2DM. Sleep quality was assessed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) instruments. A PSQI global score ≥5 was defined as poor sleep quality. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between PSQI global scores and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences; SPSS software version 20.0. A p value p <0.05 considered to indicate statistical significance.

RESULTS: The mean age of included diabetic patients was (57.56 ± 40.98), male represents (50.7%) and female (49.3%). Majority of the participants (55.3%) were identified as poor sleepers, where female contributing higher proportion compared to male subjects (31.3% vs 24.0, p< 0.005). Poor sleepers had significantly higher level of HbA1c (p= 0.038), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (p= 0.043), and postprandial glucose (PP) (p= 0.021). The total PSQI global score and sleep efficiency (P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with HbA1C levels. After adjustment, regression analysis showed poor sleep quality was significantly associated with worse glycaemic control (OR = 7.14, 95% CI: 1.176-7.16, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study suggest that poor sleep quality is prevalent in Indian T2DM population, and it imparts negative impact on glycaemic control. Therefore, further real-world studies are needed to robust the present findings