SKELETAL ADVERSE EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS- EMERGING TRENDS FROM THE US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM

Author(s)

Pundole X1, Sarangdhar M2, Suarez-Almazor ME1
1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, 2Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

OBJECTIVES: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), a promising class of anti-cancer agents, can result in immune-related adverse events. We examined the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) to describe emerging trends of skeletal adverse events (AE) following ICI therapy. METHODS: We used AERSMine, an open-access web-based application, to mine the FAERS database from the first quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2018. Pharmacovigilance metrics, Relative Risks (RR) and safety signals (information component, (IC)), were used to measure disproportionality in AE reporting. The study was limited to patients with a cancer diagnosis. Adverse events were analyzed using standardized terminology used in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities, MedDRA. RESULTS: We identified 63,979 cancer patients with ICI-associated AEs. Statistically significant skeletal AE signals associated with ICI therapy included: (1) NIVOLUMAB: compression fracture (n=14; RR, 2.11; IC, 1.08), rib fracture (n=31; RR, 1.87; IC, 0.90), humerus fracture (n=12; RR, 2.23; IC,1.16), osteonecrosis of the jaw (n=35; RR, 1.72; IC, 0.79) and osteomyelitis (n=21; RR, 1.75; IC, 0.81); (2) PEMBROLIZUMAB: thoracic vertebral fracture (n=10; RR, 2.92; IC, 1.55), and spinal compression fracture (n=23; RR, 2.19; IC, 1.13); (3) DURVALUMAB: fibula fracture (n=2; RR, 12.14; IC, 3.6); (4) ATEZOLIZUMAB: ankle fracture (n=3; RR, 4.57; IC, 2.19) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (n=8; RR, 2.24; IC, 1.16); (5) IPILIMUMAB: osteitis (n=4; RR, 3.25; IC, 1.7); (6) PEMBROLIZUMAB + IPILIMUMAB: osteonecrosis (n=4, RR, 40.02; IC, 5.32); (7) NIVOLUMAB + PEMBROLIZUMAB: hip fracture (n=1; RR, 19.84; IC, 4.31), and pelvic fracture (n=1; RR, 121.86; IC, 6.93). Frequency of skeletal AE were higher in men, particularly in the elderly population (> 65 years). CONCLUSIONS: Several skeletal AE signals were detected among cancer patients using ICI. Future research to identify mechanisms and characterize clinical presentations of skeletal AEs following ICI therapy is warranted.

Conference/Value in Health Info

2019-11, ISPOR Europe 2019, Copenhagen, Denmark

Code

PCN259

Topic

Epidemiology & Public Health

Topic Subcategory

Safety & Pharmacoepidemiology

Disease

Musculoskeletal Disorders

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