DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL RISK, MENTAL HEALTH, AND CLINICAL PROFILES AMONG ADULTS WITH OBESITY TREATED WITH GLP-1 VERSUS NON-GLP-1 ANTI-OBESITY MEDICATIONS USING REAL-WORLD DATA
Author(s)
Claire E. Campbell, PhD, Sarah Eng, MPH, Jeffrey Ratto, DrPH, Katherine Kendrick, MPH, Amy Austin, MHI, Ekaterina A. Khlystova, PhD, Sunny Guin, PhD, Vidya Venkataraman, MPH, PhD.
Truveta, Bellevue, WA, USA.
Truveta, Bellevue, WA, USA.
OBJECTIVES: This study compared demographic, social determinants of health (SDOH), healthcare access, mental health, and clinical characteristics among adults with obesity initiating GLP-1 versus non-GLP-1 anti-obesity medications.
METHODS: Truveta’s de-identified electronic health record (EHR) data were used to identify adults with obesity initiating GLP-1 or non-GLP-1 anti-obesity medication within 180 days of obesity diagnosis or qualifying BMI measurement between 2022 and 2024. Obesity was defined using ICD-10-CM and SNOMED-CT diagnosis codes and/or LOINC and SNOMED-CT codes for BMI ≥30 kg/m². Eligible patients had at least one EHR activity record in the year before medication initiation and no prior anti-obesity medication use, diabetes, or pregnancy during that period. Group differences were assessed using Welch’s t-tests and chi-square tests, with Hedges’ g and Cramér’s V used to quantify effect sizes for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Statistical significance was defined as two-sided p<0.05.
RESULTS: Given the large sample size, many comparisons reached statistical significance; therefore, results emphasize effect size ≥0.1. Compared with non-GLP-1 initiators, GLP-1 initiators were older (51 vs. 46 years, V=0.36) and less likely to be female (75.6% vs. 85.6%, V=0.12). Calendar year of initiation differed (V=0.18), with non-GLP-1 initiation remaining relatively stable and GLP-1 initiation increasing over time. GLP-1 initiators had greater cardiometabolic burden, including higher rates of hypertension (44.9% vs. 32.3%, V=0.13) and cardiovascular disease (20.7% vs. 9.9%, V=0.15).
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a comprehensive characterization of adults with obesity initiating GLP-1 and non-GLP-1 anti-obesity medications between 2022 and 2024. Compared with non-GLP-1 initiators, GLP-1 initiators were older, less likely to be female, and had greater cardiometabolic burden. In contrast, baseline mental health, psychiatric medication use, healthcare access, and SDOH characteristics were largely similar between groups, with most statistically significant differences reflecting small effect sizes.
METHODS: Truveta’s de-identified electronic health record (EHR) data were used to identify adults with obesity initiating GLP-1 or non-GLP-1 anti-obesity medication within 180 days of obesity diagnosis or qualifying BMI measurement between 2022 and 2024. Obesity was defined using ICD-10-CM and SNOMED-CT diagnosis codes and/or LOINC and SNOMED-CT codes for BMI ≥30 kg/m². Eligible patients had at least one EHR activity record in the year before medication initiation and no prior anti-obesity medication use, diabetes, or pregnancy during that period. Group differences were assessed using Welch’s t-tests and chi-square tests, with Hedges’ g and Cramér’s V used to quantify effect sizes for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Statistical significance was defined as two-sided p<0.05.
RESULTS: Given the large sample size, many comparisons reached statistical significance; therefore, results emphasize effect size ≥0.1. Compared with non-GLP-1 initiators, GLP-1 initiators were older (51 vs. 46 years, V=0.36) and less likely to be female (75.6% vs. 85.6%, V=0.12). Calendar year of initiation differed (V=0.18), with non-GLP-1 initiation remaining relatively stable and GLP-1 initiation increasing over time. GLP-1 initiators had greater cardiometabolic burden, including higher rates of hypertension (44.9% vs. 32.3%, V=0.13) and cardiovascular disease (20.7% vs. 9.9%, V=0.15).
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a comprehensive characterization of adults with obesity initiating GLP-1 and non-GLP-1 anti-obesity medications between 2022 and 2024. Compared with non-GLP-1 initiators, GLP-1 initiators were older, less likely to be female, and had greater cardiometabolic burden. In contrast, baseline mental health, psychiatric medication use, healthcare access, and SDOH characteristics were largely similar between groups, with most statistically significant differences reflecting small effect sizes.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2026-11, ISPOR Europe 2026, Vienna, Austria
Value in Health, Volume 29, Issue 12S
Code
PT21
Topic
Epidemiology & Public Health, Medical Technologies, Real World Data & Information Systems
Topic Subcategory
Health & Insurance Records Systems
Disease
Cardiovascular Disorders (including MI, Stroke, Circulatory), Diabetes/Endocrine/Metabolic Disorders (including obesity), Mental Health (including addiction)