Presentation (CTI)

OBJECTIVES: To characterise the current use of clinical outcome assessments (COAs), patient preference information (PPI), and digital health technology measures (DHTMs) in combination in the published literature, and to evaluate the extent to which these measures are integrated to support patient-centred decision-making.
METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO to identify relevant articles published between 2016 and 2026. Following duplicate removal, abstracts and full-text articles were screened independently by three researchers. Data extraction was conducted to characterise the types of measures used, the roles of COAs, PPIs, and DHTMs within studies, and whether these measures were combined in analysis or decision-making.
RESULTS: After deduplication, 294 abstracts were identified. Following screening, 53 articles underwent full-text review, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. Two articles included quantitative PPI methods, while the remainder used qualitative approaches. Overall, measures were applied in a largely siloed manner. COAs and DHTMs were typically applied as primary or secondary outcomes, whereas PPI was used separately to provide contextual insights and evaluate different aspects of the intervention. No study combined the use of PPI, COA, and DHTM to measure a common concept of interest within a clinical trial.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight a notable gap in the literature regarding the combined use of COAs, PPIs, and DHTMs to support patient-centred decision-making. Despite their potential to generate more comprehensive and patient-centred evidence, combined applications remain uncommon. The UNIFIED Framework aims to address this gap by offering structured guidance on the combined use of these measures to advance patient-centred evaluation and decision-making.