ECONOMIC MODELS SUBMITTED FOR VACCINES IN FRANCE: A REVIEW OF METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES AND HAS ASSESSMENT OUTCOMES
Author(s)
Lucile Marié, MSc, Apolline Grangeon, PharmD, Cléa SAMBUC, MSc, PhD, Bertrand Tehard, MSc, PhD.
VYOO Agency, Paris, France.
VYOO Agency, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVES: Vaccination is a cornerstone of public health, reducing the burden of infectious diseases and their associated health and economic consequences. In France, health economic evaluations are reviewed by the Economic and Public Health Assessment Committee (CEESP - HAS). However, vaccines raise specific methodological challenges that may differ from those encountered with other health technologies. The objective of this study was to review economic evaluations of vaccines assessed by the CEESP and to describe their main methodological characteristics.
METHODS: Using the Vyoo Agency database, economic opinions published regarding vaccines were reviewed.
RESULTS: Since 2014, 14 CEESP opinions related to vaccines have been published, representing 5% of all economic assessments, including evaluations for COVID-19 (n=3), influenza (n=3), rotavirus (n=2) and human papilloma virus (n=2) vaccines. Dynamic transmission models were used in 43% of evaluations (n=6), while the remainder relied on static Markov models. Over the period, nearly all evaluations were validated by the CEESP, with only one assessment invalidated due to global major uncertainty while 40% of the drugs evaluations were invalidated. Two vaccines were found to be dominant, and the mean ICER among the remaining evaluations was €32,402/QALY. Vaccine assessments generated more CEESP reservations than drug evaluations (12.5 vs. 8.5 per opinion), including more important (4.9 vs. 3.5) and minor reservations (7.7 vs. 4.5), although none received a major reservation (vs 0.5 for drugs).
CONCLUSIONS: Vaccine economic evaluations remain underrepresented among CEESP assessments. Although they generated more methodological reservations than drug evaluations, almost all vaccine submissions were validated by the CEESP. This result may reflect differences in the assessment of methodological uncertainty between vaccines and drugs, particularly when long-term projections and external data are required to capture the broader benefits of prevention. Finally, the favorable cost-effectiveness results for vaccines underline the value of vaccination and the importance of their economic assessment.
METHODS: Using the Vyoo Agency database, economic opinions published regarding vaccines were reviewed.
RESULTS: Since 2014, 14 CEESP opinions related to vaccines have been published, representing 5% of all economic assessments, including evaluations for COVID-19 (n=3), influenza (n=3), rotavirus (n=2) and human papilloma virus (n=2) vaccines. Dynamic transmission models were used in 43% of evaluations (n=6), while the remainder relied on static Markov models. Over the period, nearly all evaluations were validated by the CEESP, with only one assessment invalidated due to global major uncertainty while 40% of the drugs evaluations were invalidated. Two vaccines were found to be dominant, and the mean ICER among the remaining evaluations was €32,402/QALY. Vaccine assessments generated more CEESP reservations than drug evaluations (12.5 vs. 8.5 per opinion), including more important (4.9 vs. 3.5) and minor reservations (7.7 vs. 4.5), although none received a major reservation (vs 0.5 for drugs).
CONCLUSIONS: Vaccine economic evaluations remain underrepresented among CEESP assessments. Although they generated more methodological reservations than drug evaluations, almost all vaccine submissions were validated by the CEESP. This result may reflect differences in the assessment of methodological uncertainty between vaccines and drugs, particularly when long-term projections and external data are required to capture the broader benefits of prevention. Finally, the favorable cost-effectiveness results for vaccines underline the value of vaccination and the importance of their economic assessment.
Conference/Value in Health Info
2026-11, ISPOR Europe 2026, Vienna, Austria
Value in Health, Volume 29, Issue 12S
Code
HTA121
Topic
Economic Evaluation, Health Policy & Regulatory, Health Technology Assessment
Topic Subcategory
Decision & Deliberative Processes
Disease
Vaccines