Characterization and Treatment Patterns of Patients With Hypercholesterolemia Associated with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Equivalent: Real-World Evidence in a Vulnerable Population in Colombia
Speaker(s)
Lopez-Crespo J1, Pineda-Lozano JC2, Salcedo Mejía F3, Cabrera Martinez L4, Gomez L5, Alvis Zakzuk NJ6, Fernandez Mercado J7, Martínez-Villareal J4
1ALZAK, Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia, 2ALZAK, Cartagena, BOL, Colombia, 3ALZAK, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia, 4Mutual SER EPS, Cartagena, Colombia, 5Novartis Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, 6Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia, 7Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, BOL, Colombia
OBJECTIVES: To characterize a cohort of patients with hypercholesterolemia diagnosed with established Cardiovascular Atherosclerotic Disease (ASCVD) or ASCVD-risk equivalent (ASCVD-RE) in a low-income population of the Colombian Caribbean region.
METHODS: We described the characteristics of a cohort of adults diagnosed with ASCVD and ASCVD-RE enrolled in a cardiovascular risk program focused on primary prevention from a health-insurance company. The population with complete low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) data was followed for 12 months; treatment patterns and LDL-C levels were evaluated. To compare the mean LDL-C levels at different points of follow-up (baseline, 6 months, and 12 months), a paired test (Wilcoxon Test) was employed. The paired McNemar’s test was used to assess LDL-C goal based on ESC/EAS 2019 guidelines. Cardiovascular events and mortality rates were estimated for the entire cohort.
RESULTS: We identified 71,528 ASCVD and 6,900 ASCVD-RE patients within the cardiovascular risk management program. At the baseline, 81.1% of patients had uncontrolled hypercholesterolemia and a mean LDL-C of 112.8 mg/dL, with a greater lack of control in the ASCVD (LDL-C <55 mg/dL) group compared to the ASCVD-RE (LDL-C <70 mg/dL) group (81.5% vs 77.6%). 57.4% and 49.3% of patients with ASCVD or ASCVD-RE used statins, respectively. Of these, 55.4% had high-intensity therapy. The use of other lipid-lowering therapies was less than 2% for the cohort evaluated. Although a statistically significant change in the proportion of controlled patients and an increase in the use of high-intensity statins (primarily in the ASCVD group) were observed during follow-up, 90.5% of the population included in follow-up remained outside the established LDL-C targets.
CONCLUSIONS: Dyslipidemia management and lipid-lowering agents are insufficient, leaving patients at high cardiovascular risk. This highlights crucial intervention points within the cardiovascular risk program to optimize patient management and improve outcomes.
Code
EE589
Topic
Clinical Outcomes, Study Approaches
Topic Subcategory
Clinical Outcomes Assessment, Clinician Reported Outcomes, Electronic Medical & Health Records
Disease
Cardiovascular Disorders (including MI, Stroke, Circulatory)