Health Economics Centers and Support in SUS Management: A Report of Successful Experiences

OBJECTIVES: The study aims to analyze the role of Health Economics Centers (NES, in brazilian acronym) in supporting the efficient management of Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS). It focuses on how NES contributes to health system management through economic analyses and decision-making tools.

METHODS: This qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study is based on a literature review of health economics and the analysis of official documents. Additionally, it incorporates successful NES experiences from different Brazilian states (Bahia, Federal District, Pernambuco, Paraíba) and Sobral municipality, in Ceará state. Data were collected through meetings and technical visits from the Ministry of Health.

RESULTS: The NES are multidisciplinary teams that support health management by utilizing health economics tools for decision-making, training, and economic studies. The selected NES demonstrated the importance of incorporating health economics tools for effective decision-making, based on scientific evidence. For instance, Pernambuco's NES has implemented cost management systems in hospitals, leading to cost reductions in nutrition services. The actions of Bahia’s NES include: pricing; cost assessment and management; economic studies; advising state-managed health units. Paraíba's NES evaluates hospital operational costs, providing detailed financial reports to support budget decisions. The Federal District's NES developed manuals for cost management in health units, ensuring transparency and efficient resource use. Sobral's NES uses economic data to produce analytical reports, aiding decision-making and policy implementation.

CONCLUSIONS: NES significantly contributes to the efficient management of SUS by providing economic analyses and supporting decision-making processes. These centers enhance the quality and equity of health services and strengthen the SUS. However, for NES to be effective, they must be well-structured, with a multidisciplinary team, regularly trained, and that requires a political decision. Partnerships with universities and research centers are recommended to enhance their capacity and impact. Implementing these recommendations will strengthen NES and improve the economic sustainability of SUS.