Assessment of Quality of Life in Type II Diabetic Patients

OBJECTIVES: The research aims to assess the quality of life of patients with type II diabetes, the extent of depression and sleep disorders and the factors affecting them.

METHODS: The cross-sectional research was conducted in Hungary between 02.01.2023 and 02.28.2023, among patients with type 2 diabetes (n=230) selected using a simple nonrandom sampling method. The question groups of the online questionnaire are sociodemographic data, complications, health behaviour, blood sugar and HbA1C value. Validated questionnaires inlcuded the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life, the Beck depression questionnaire, and the Groningen sleep quality scale. Descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation analysis (p<0.05) were performed using SPSS 28.0 software.

RESULTS: HbA1C increased in 71.3% of the sample. The HbA1C value was significantly (p=0.008) higher for elementary school graduates (92.3%, 36 people) than for high school (88,5%) and university graduates (72.9%). 18.3% have moderate and 3.5% severe depression. Severe depression is more common among those living alone (37.2%; p=0.017) and those with primary education (37.2%; p=0.025). Deterioration of sleep quality occurs in the case of 92 people. We measured the worst values in the "freedom of needs" (-4.5) and "mobility" (-3.1) dimensions of the quality of life, and the best values in the interpersonal dimension (-1.6). Men had a significantly (p<0.001) worse average in the dimensions of mobility (-3.6), living conditions (-3.3) and freedom of needs (-5.2). People aged 50-60 scored significantly (p<0.001) worse than people over 61 in the mobility (-3.6), living conditions (-3.5), and self-confidence (-2.9) dimensions. Most quality of life dimensions showed worse values in mild and severe depression (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: During the care of diabetic patients, it is recommended to jointly and continuously examine depression, sleep quality, and diabetes-specific quality of life to monitor deviations and to provide adequate treatment as needed.