Clinical, Economic, and Humanistic Burden of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) and Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) in Latin America: A Scoping Review (SR)

OBJECTIVES: ASCVD and FH contributes toportant proportion of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Latin America. This SR was conducted to integrate all three aspects of clinical, economic, and humanistic burden of ASCVD and/or FH in Latin America.

METHODS: This scoping review was carried out on Medline and EMBASE databases without language restrictions, but considering articles published between 2000 and 2020. Studies were included that dealt with the clinical, economic or humanistic impact of patients with ASCVD or FH in Latin America. This review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) and your identifier is DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VKXPE.

RESULTS: a total of were included. The publications showed high clinical burden of all-cause mortality and CV-mortality in ASCVD patients from both short term (≤1 year) and long-term follow-up (>1 year). , ASCVD poses substantial burden by reducing the individual and household income and, also showed that the total cost of CVD is steadily increasing from 2010 to 20, accounting to nearly 1% of GDP in Brazil. Stroke patients showed thrice the hospitalization cost (US $3,434) as compared to MI patients (US $1,145). Quality of life also tends to reduce with cardiovascular events, especially in females, who reported poorer QoL than males. Majority of the identified publications included ASCVD patients, while there is limited evidence for FH patients. Evidence identified was largely based in Brazil and Argentina, but includes publications from Colombia, Mexico and Peru.

CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review shows substantial clinical, economical and humanistic burden of ASCVD and FH patients in Latin America, while it highlights the existing limitations and gaps, such as lack of quality reporting, sparse evidence on FH patients and from low-income countries.