Published Apr 2012
Citation
Eddy DM, Hollingworth W, Caro JJ, et al. Model transparency and validation: a report of the ISPOR-SMDM Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force-7. Value Health. 2012;15(5):843-850.
Abstract
Trust and confidence are critical to the success of health care models.
There are two main methods for achieving this: transparency (people
can see how the model is built) and validation (how well the model
reproduces reality). This report describes recommendations for achieving
transparency and validation developed by a taskforce appointed by
the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research
and the Society for Medical Decision Making. Recommendations
were developed iteratively by the authors. A nontechnical description—including
model type, intended applications, funding sources,
structure, intended uses, inputs, outputs, other components that determine
function, and their relationships, data sources, validation
methods, results, and limitations—should be made available to anyone.
Technical documentation, written in sufficient detail to enable a
reader with necessary expertise to evaluate the model and potentially
reproduce it, should be made available openly or under agreements
that protect intellectual property, at the discretion of the modelers.
Validation involves face validity (wherein experts evaluate model
structure, data sources, assumptions, and results), verification or internal
validity (check accuracy of coding), cross validity (comparison of
results with other models analyzing the same problem), external validity
(comparing model results with real-world results), and predictive
validity (comparing model results with prospectively observed events).
The last two are the strongest form of validation. Each section of this
article contains a number of recommendations that were iterated
among the authors, as well as among the wider modeling taskforce,
jointly set up by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and
Outcomes Research and the Society for Medical Decision Making.
Keywords: decision making, best practices, modeling, simulation,
transparency, validation.
Copyright © 2017, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc.
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