OBJECTIVES::  To determine the stages of change (SOC) and medication adherence scores of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a primary healthcare setting in Qatar and to determine whether the SOC could predict adherence to antidiabetic medications. METHODS:: The study was conducted in the non-communicable disease clinic. Patients were recruited randomly from the Mesaimeer Health Care Center and Westbay Health Care Center. Medication adherence was assessed using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and the SOC were identified using a 2-item SOC questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to determine if the SOC could predict medication adherence while controlling for demographic characteristics, disease duration, and total number of prescribed medications. Alpha level was decided at 0.05. RESULTS::  A total of 387 patients were included in the analysis. Of these patients, 1.3% were in the precontemplation stage, 3.4% were in the contemplation stage, 14.7% were in the preparation stage, 3.9% were in the action stage, and 76.7% were in the maintenance stage in relation to medication adherence. The rates of low, medium, and high adherence to antidiabetic medications were 26.4%, 23.3%, and 50.3%, respectively. SOC significantly and positively predicted medication adherence, which accounted for 57.7%–59.9% (p < 0.001) while controlling for covariates. CONCLUSIONS:: SOC significantly predicted medication adherence, which suggests that that the SOC questionnaire could potentially be used to identify patients at risk for low adherence.