OBJECTIVES: Examine BMI and achievement of diabetes treatment targets in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: The study used the 2008 Adelphi T2DM Disease Specific Programme© a cross-sectional study of consulting patients providing insights into ‘real-world’ behaviours and attitudes in clinical practice. Data was collected on 1648 patients with T2DM receiving at least one oral anti-diabetic with/without insulin and 140 specialists and 60 internal medicine physicians distributed across general hospitals in 9 Chinese cities through physician interviews, patient record forms and self-completed questionnaires. RESULTS: Across the 1648 patients in the study; mean(SD) age was 57.7(12.6) years, 46% were ≤2 years from diagnosis and mean(SD) BMI was 24.0(3.4)kg/m2.  9% of patients were obese (BMI≥28kg/m2), 39% overweight (24≤BMI<28 kg/m2) and 51% normal/underweight (BMI<24 kg/m2). Prevalence of co-morbidities in this population was high; 49% reporting hypertension and 42% dyslipidaemia (25% patients reported both). Glycaemic control appeared worse in patients with a higher BMI. 22% of patients with a BMI ≥28 had an HbA1c ≥9% and 39% had an HbA1c ≥8% compared to 10% of patients with a BMI between 19-27.9 having an HbA1c ≥9% and 22% having an HbA1c ≥8%. Only 35% of patients were aware of having an HbA1c target set by their physician. Co-morbid conditions were more prevalent in overweight and obese patients. Among normal weight patients 31% reported no co-morbid conditions compared to 22% of overweight patients and 17% of obese patients. Prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and other macrovascular conditions were 44%, 36% and 18% respectively amongst normal weight patients; 53%, 48% and 19%  amongst overweight patients and 65%, 55% and 24% amongst obese patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that obese patients report higher HbA1c and higher rates of complications compared to the normal weight patients and strategies to improve target better outcomes could include managing obesity.