OBJECTIVES: Despite treatment advances, mCRC, the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths, imposes a substantial burden to patients and public health. Panitumumab, a novel therapeutic agent, is the first fully human anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody and is currently approved as monotherapy for patients expressing wild type (wt) KRAS, after failure of fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-containing chemotherapy regimens. Panitumumab has introduced the concept of individualised therapy in mCRC as it is indicated for patients with specific KRAS gene, wt KRAS. This study evaluated the overall budget impact (BI) of panitumumab on the total health care budget in mCRC management in Greece. METHODS: A decision analytic model estimating the cost associated with panitumumab treatment and Best Supportive Care (BSC) was developed for the assessment of the BI for the Greek health care system. Treatment costs included primary drug costs, infusion costs, concomitant medications, clinic visits, hospitalisations and radiation therapy. In the absence of local cancer registry, an expert panel was used to map mCRC patient flow. The cost calculations were separately carried out for public and private sectors. RESULTS: Out of 470 potentially eligible patients for panitumumab monotherapy, the decision analytic model targets 268 (57%) patients with wt KRAS, according to the indication. Panitumumab was calculated in addition to BSC. In the public setting, the total panitumumab cohort budget was €4.8million and the average cost/patient treated €17,998. In the private setting, the total panitumumab cohort budget was €5 and the average cost/patient treated €18,716. CONCLUSIONS: Panitumumab improves treatment outcomes and reduces unnecessary exposure to therapy, with a modest health care budget impact. By identifying the population of wt KRAS patients who are most likely to benefit, panitumumab increases patient-level clinical outcomes and may lead to the rational use of health care resources in Greece.