The Effectiveness of Anti Amyloid Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) Compared With Conventional Therapy in Individuals With Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta Analysis

Author(s)

Anwesha A. Kandhare, Master in Pharmacology, Somasundaram S, Pharm.D, Santosh Kumar, MSc.
SIRO Clinpharm Private limited, Mumbai, India.
OBJECTIVES: Recent clinical trials on anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for early Alzheimer's disease play a significant role in cognitive development in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. Also, conventional treatment remarkably improves the cognitive function and quality of life of early Alzheimer's patients. Therefore, the purpose of our network meta-analysis was to compare the potential effect of anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies and conventional treatment on the improvement of cognitive function in early Alzheimer patients.
METHODS: We performed an electronic search on Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Central for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating various mAbs and conventional therapies for early AD up to March 31st, 2025. R software (version 4.2.3) was used for statistical analysis. Odds ratio (OR) for binary variables, mean difference (MD) for continuous variables, and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were utilized to estimate treatment effects.
RESULTS: 63 RCTs were included in the network meta-analysis. A total of 42,087 participants were included in the research. Aducanumab and donanemab (89.05% and 92.63%, respectively) were found to have the best therapeutic effect on changes in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score compared to other therapies. In the research treatment-emergent adverse event for gantenerumab and lecanemab (89.12% and 75.24%, respectively) was higher compared with conventional treatment
CONCLUSIONS: Although immunotherapies increase the risk of adverse effects, the data revealed that mAbs can effectively improve the cognitive function of patients with mild and moderate AD. According to our research data donanemab and aducanumab were the most likely to achieve significant improvements in different cognitive functions.

Conference/Value in Health Info

2025-09, ISPOR Real-World Evidence Summit 2025, Tokyo, Japan

Value in Health Regional, Volume 49S (September 2025)

Code

RWD28

Topic Subcategory

Distributed Data & Research Networks

Disease

SDC: Mental Health (including addition)

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